In our eyes, the outback is the heart and soul of Australia. The real Australia, the part that the vast majority of Aussies will never see. It’s a true national shame that such a low percentage of our 25 million-strong population get to experience the outback, but for those fortunate enough to get out there, here’s how to do it right.
Your vehicle
First and foremost, do not head into the outback in the wrong vehicle. You need a real 4X4, and that’ll (almost) always mean a transfer case. With the exception of some Amarok models, every heavy-duty 4X4 will have high and low range 4X4.
In the outback, you can consider low range to be like an insurance policy; you probably won’t need it, but if and when you do it’ll get you out of trouble. Right up until you find yourself clambering up and over some desert sand dunes. This is where that transfer case comes into its own. Shifting into low range multiplies the torque output of your vehicle whilst also reducing your wheel speed. In soft sand, both of these are a necessity.
You’ll want to equip your 4X4 with a bit of protection. A solid front bar is required. Side rails and sliders are helpful, and underbody bash plates are a good idea. You might be thinking ‘there’s nothing in the outback, what’s all this for?’, and in a way, you’re right. In some parts of the country, you’ll see nothing more significant that a small pebble as far as the eye can see. But no matter how harsh and unforgiving the landscape, there will be animals out there.

You’ll almost certainly encounter roos. There are emus, goats, pigs and cattle. Big birds cleaning up roadkill. And don’t forget wombats and camels; they leave a dent. The point is, there’s a huge amount of wildlife out there, and you need to put more than just a bonnet and windscreen between them and your face.
“Distance between stops can be hundreds and hundreds of kilometres”
Fuel range should be considered, as distance between stops can be hundreds and hundreds of kilometres. Thousands if your travel is remote. Long range fuel tanks and/or jerry cans are your friend. Calculate your expected fuel usage at worst case scenario, add a safety margin, and carry the corresponding amount of fuel.
In the city, a UHF isn’t all that useful for the average person. In the outback, it’ll save your life. If you travel solo, having a UHF on scan will pick up any localised radio chatter and alert you of upcoming obstacles. You can communicate with other passing travellers, and even truckies. They’re more than happy to call you round when it is safe to overtake. If you travel in convoy, oftentimes a UHF will be your only comms, as phone reception is far from a guarantee.

How are your tyres? If they’re factory-fitted highway terrains with 1mm of tread left and coming up ten years old, make a beeline for the nearest tyre shop. You want a decent set of all terrains at a minimum. Look for a tyre that’s built on a solid carcass and has strong sidewalls. The tread pattern itself is a personal preference. Don’t neglect your spare here, and carry two if you have the option.
You’ll need decent suspension to carry the extra weight of a bull bar, a second spare and that big fuel tank. You also don’t want factory gear trying to soak up what can be pretty aggressive corrugations. You don’t need to go wild here, but you need suspension that’ll cope.
Plan your route
The idea of this is simple, but that doesn’t make it any less important. Plan your route, and let your loved ones know. If you go missing, someone needs to know where to look. But you won’t go missing, because you’ll read this twice and prepare accordingly, right?
Create a rough itinerary, and even a plan B. If you’re using Google maps, just be aware that travel times aren’t always accurate. It’s good practice to plan your routes using a mixture of online maps, and specialist localised mapping, like HEMA maps. Remember to check in with whoever knows your itinerary when you can, so they can keep up with how you are tracking.
The outback can suffer quickly from adverse weather, even if it’s hundreds of kilometres away. You might make it into your planned destination for the night, retire to your swag by the creek, and wake up to the water lapping at your tyres. That’ll mean you’re probably in for a detour to get to your next stop.
There are a lot of resources at your disposal here. Use your preferred weather forecasting source to plan. If you get caught out anywhere, the local police and National Parks office are a great help when you need to know what roads are open or closed. Local councils are a good help, and service stations and roadhouses are gold. They’ve spoken to everyone passing through, so they’ve got good sources.
Know your fuel usage, and ensure your route works for your vehicle. Outside of the small towns of the outback, there aren’t a lot of fuel stops. In fact, many towns exist only because of the local roadhouse.
Hitting the red dirt
Alright, so it’s not exclusively red dirt out there, but it’s hard not to feel like the red stuff is the real outback. Once you leave the black top for a substantial period of time, drop your tyre pressure a little. You want to let your tyre flex a little over the uneven surface. This has a few benefits; it allows your tyres to share a bit of the suspension load, and it reduces your risk of a puncture.
Travel at a speed that feels comfortable. Your 4X4 will find a good balance between sitting on top of the corrugations and maintaining control. Go too fast and your tyres aren’t making much contact with the ground; stopping and steering becomes a question you ask of your car rather than a directive. Too slow and you’ll be in for a horribly uncomfortable, bouncy ride.

When you inevitably encounter oncoming traffic, wash off some speed to reduce the amount of debris your tyres are throwing out. Move to the left as far as you can, and give each other plenty of room. Pass too quickly, and you’ll probably both end up with broken windscreens. If the oncoming vehicle is a truck or road train, pull right over as far as possible and stop completely until the dust clears. You have no way of knowing if there’s a second truck in the dust, or a fellow traveller going the same way as you stopped in the middle of the road.
If you find you need to overtake, be patient. There’ll be long straight stretches that’ll give you ample overtaking opportunity, so don’t try and pass when it’s narrow or windy. Initiate contact on the UHF if you can, that way it won’t come as a surprise when you come up and drive beside them on your way past.
“There’s usually a pub overflowing with character, and littered with locals to impart their knowledge on you if you desire”
Don’t forget to stop, revive, survive. The regular road rules apply when you leave the black top, as does common sense. If you’re showing signs of fatigue, stop and rest. The consequences of making a mistake due to fatigue can be catastrophic.
It’s not all doom and gloom out here. Take your time to see the sights; Australia is a pretty magnificent place. Be sure to stop and check out the small towns as you pass by. There’s usually a pub overflowing with character, and littered with locals to impart their knowledge on you if you desire.

Try not to travel at dawn or dusk. These are peak animal strike times, and hitting even a small animal can end your trip, let alone the injury to the animal. As well as the wildlife being more prevalent at these times, visibility is reduced and glare can render you blind momentarily. Especially when combined with how dirty your windscreen will get. Take every chance you can to refill your wiper fluid. You’ll need it.
Inevitably, you’ll encounter gates. The rule of thumb with gates across the track is to leave them the way you found them. In lieu of gates, there’ll often be cattle grids. Usually you can maintain your speed and cross them without issue. Occasionally, the track before and after the grid can be damaged leaving a large lip. Slow down for these, as a lip can be fatal to wheels and tyres. Washouts will also have the same effect, so keep your wits about you in any low spots or where you can see a watercourse crossing the track.
Essential gear
The Aussie outback is a bit of a ‘choose your own adventure’ sort of deal. If you stick to the black top and hop from town to town, you can do it in a Commodore. If you, like us, crave a bit more adventure, you’ll need to be more prepared. Here’s a list of what we carry on any outback trip.
- First aid kit
- Traction boards
- Long handle shovel
- Sunscreen
- Water
- Recovery gear
- 12v compressor
- Tyre repair kit
- Fire extinguisher
- Cold weather gear
While not a comprehensive list, that’s a great starting point. If you’re camping you’ll need to be fully self-sufficient. All camping gear, and plenty of food and water. A good 12v set up is valuable here to make life as easy as possible. But as we said earlier, you can choose your own adventure. You can do the outback with a swag, an esky and a tarp like ‘the good old days’, or you can go the extra mile with your set-up to make it easy.
Excellent article, clearly written by someone with experience.
The section on outback road etiquette should be compulsory reading for the myriad of self absorbed arse clowns who travel to the Big Red Bash each year for some ‘remote camping’, with ten thousand of their city dwelling counterparts, leaving a trail of broken windscreens and furious locals in their wake.
Classic examples of ‘all the gear, no idea’. The most infuriating aspect of it though is the attitude that ‘places like this’ in the outback are inferior to their own sheltered existence, and that the people who live there are therefore somehow backward yocals. Be assured that the people who choose to make the outback their home will on balance have more grit, wit and aptitude than their shiny-shoed urban brethren demanding a triple de-caf soy honey vegan latte at the local bakery.
And never mind that these people they’re happy to demean produce the food, fibre and energy that the city needs to exist. We can get by without IT Diversity Advisers & university educated baristas, but I doubt they can get by without food. So show some respect to the locals in the outback, as well as on the roads.
Essential equipment should include a satellite phone, you probably will never use it but it is great insurance.
We usually hire one and the company throws in an emergency beacon for the same price.
Would not do an outback trip without them.
I agree, for the sake of a few $$ buy an EPIRB or PLB, could save your life.
I had to laugh when I read this article. It reminded me of the time when as a teacher in Western Qld and I use to drive the Outback in a 1980 Holden Gemini. I think the worst I was ever bogged was in a bull dust hole between Tambo and Alpha that would have swallowed a road train. No Max Traks, no snatch ‘em straps, not even a mobile phone, just the tenacity and wherewithal to get the car out. My wife and I still laugh about it – if nothing else it was a great character building exercise. Were we crazy to take such a car out in those conditions – not at all as hardy anybody had 4WDs in those days and it was just what you did. The places I visited in that Gemini were incredible.
On most outback roads you never need 4WD – you just need the clearance and of course drive to the conditions. This is a completely different story if you want to visit the deserts. Then a high clearance well maintained and fitted out 4WD is a must.
I completely agree about the road etiquette section. Many people don’t know how to drive on a country road, let alone an outback gravel road. I have seen many people treat passing another vehicle in the outback as a jousting opportunity using stones instead of lances. You could write an entire article on outback road etiquette.
It gets me how much of a rush people are and not driving to the conditions. Most gravel roads people go too fast on 80 is plenty fast enough for a straight gravel road 60 closer to ideal. People forget gravel can be like driving on marbles and the roads can change dramatically. Go slower less wear and tear on the vehicle and more comfortable for the occupants plus if something goes wrong the impact is less.